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  Home > Holiday Ideas > Pilgrimage India > Meenakshi Temple: The Wedding Venue of Lord Shiva

Meenakshi Temple: The Wedding Venue of Lord Shiva

 
Not many temples in India are as majestic and beautiful as the Meenakshi Sundareshvara Temple in Madurai. Popularly known as Meenakshi Temple, it is located in Madurai, the temple city of Tamil Nadu. Madurai is also referred to as the Athens of India, since Madurai is believed as one of the oldest cities in Tamil Nadu that dates back to over 2500 years. Madurai is located on the banks of the Vaigai River.
Meenakshi Temple, Madurai
Meenakshi Sundareshvara Temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva, known here as Sundareshvara and his consort Parvati or Meenakshi. The original temple was built by Kulasekara Pandya, but the credit for the majestic temple and a fine complex that you see today goes to the Nayaks. The Nayaks ruled Madurai from the 16th to the 18th century and left an indelible imprint of their rule in the Meenakshi - Sundareshvara Temple.

There are many legends that trace the origin of the temple and the history behind it. It is an important temple in Madurai and is the temple around which the daily humdrum of the people of Madurai revolves.
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Madurai along with Varanasi is taken to be as one of the few oldest temple towns of India and the seat of the Pandyan kings - the earliest rulers of Madurai who built the famous Sri Meenakshi Sundareshvara Temple. Though history is obscure about the antiquity of the city, there are many legends that talk about the temple and its origin.

According to the legend, Madurai was originally known as Kadambavanam or the "forest of Kadamba" or the Nauclea kadamba.  One day a farmer happened to see Lord Indra worshipping a swayambhulingam (a self created Lingam) under a Kadamba tree. The farmer reported what he saw to King Kulasekhara Pandyan the ruling Pandya king at that time. He then ordered to clear the forest and built a temple around the Lingam. A city soon came up around the temple and on the day of the naming of the city, Lord Shiva is said to have appeared and a few drops of nectar from his hair fell on the town. Hence the place was named Madurai or Mathuram meaning 'sweetness' in Tamil.

Meenakshi Temple, Madurai

There is an interesting story associated with the three hills surrounding the city. It is held that these three hills were evil forces who took the form of an elephant, a cow and a snake in order to raze down the city of Madurai. Shiva is said to have changed these charging animals into stones and hence the hillocks Yaanaimalai, Pasumalai and Naagamalai that now surround Madurai.

According to another popular legend, Lord Shiva came down to earth in the form of Sundareshvara to marry Meenakshi, an incarnation of Parvati. Parvati had earlier descended on earth in the form of a small child in response to the great penance of Malayadwaja Pandyan (the successor of Kulasekhara Pandyan) and his wife Kanchanamala. A strange feature of the girl child was that it had three breasts instead of two; and a divine prophecy decreed that the third one would miraculously disappear the very moment the princess sights her consort to be.

The girl named Tataatakai grew up and one day came in contact with Lord Shiva during one of her conquest. At the sight of Shiva, her third breast disappeared. Lord Shiva bade her to return to Madurai, with the promise that he would marry her in 8 days. At the appointed time Lord Shiva appeared as Sundareshvara to marry Meenakshi who was given away in marriage by her brother Lord Vishnu. After the marriage, Meenakshi and Sundareswara went on to rule the city of Madurai for a long period of time before retiring to the Sri Meenakshi Sundaresvara Temple where they now reside. Meenakshi and Sundareshvara are regarded as the eternal rulers of the Pandya Kingdom and their coronation and the marriage ceremonies are still celebrated in a grand manner.

Places of Interest
Meenakshi Temple, Madurai

Meenakshi Temple: Meenakshi Temple at Madurai is one of the biggest temples in India that extends over an area of 65000 sq. meters. The temple built over a period of 2000 years has 12 gopurams (gateways) of which the southern one is the tallest at 49 mts. All these gopurams have beautiful stucco work and are adorned with exquisite carvings & sculptures and gold plated vimanas. There are four massive gateways enclosing these two shrines- the Meenakshi Temple and the Sundareshvara Temple.

The Meenakshi Temple is supported by 64 bhootaganas, 32 lions and 8 elephants. The stump of the Kadamba tree under which Indra worshipped the Lord can be seen in the outer corridor.

An architectural master piece, the temple has the thousand pillared   hall or the Ayiramkaal mandapam. The hall has 985 pillars which feature high, ornate, bold sculptures that look life- like. Viewed from any angle these pillars appear to be in a straight line. In the outermost corridors are situated the granite musical pillars. When tapped, each pillar produces a different musical note and the hall resonates with the sound of this note. Located towards the south is the Kalyana Mandapa, where the marriage of Shiva and Parvati is celebrated every year during the Chithirai Festival in mid-April.

Golden Lotus Pond, Madurai

Temple Complex: The Madurai Meenakshi Temple complex is huge and has a Potraamarai Kulam or the golden lotus pond. It was near this pond that the Shiva Lingam worshipped by Lord Indra was discovered. Devotees are first asked to go around the lake before entering the main shrine.

The temple complex also has one of the five traditional dance halls where Lord Siva, in his form as Natraj danced. This hall is popularly referred to as the Silver Hall or the Velli Ambalam.

Temple Timings: 5.00 am to 12.30 p.m. & 4.00 pm to 9.30 pm

The Temple Art Museum: The museum is located in the famous 'Ayirangal Mandapam' (1000 pillared hall). The Temple Art Museum houses a good collection of objects relating to the temple art and architecture.

Thirumalai Nayakar Mahal, Madurai

Thirumalai Nayakar Mahal: Just 1.5 km from Meenakshi Temple, Thirumalai Nayakar Mahal was built in 1636 by Thirumalai Nayakar. The Palace is known for its arches and the stuccowork on the domes. The Sorga Vilasam (Celestial Pavilion) measuring 75m x 52 m is a marvel of architecture in the sense that it is constructed entirely of brick and mortar without the support of a single rafter or girder. Other places worth checking out in the palace are the Entrance Gate, The Main Hall and the Dance Hall which were restored by Lord Napier, the then Governor of Madras in 1866-72. Palace timings: 9 am to 1 pm and 2 pm to 5 pm
Check sound and light show held everyday. English - 6:45 pm; Tamil - 8:15 pm.

Alagarkoil: Situated 21 km away from Madurai at the foot of the panoramic Solaimala Hills is a temple dedicated to Lord Vishnu. It is said that Vishnu came down to this place from Vaikunta to give away his sister Meenakshi in marriage to Sundareshvarar. This journey is also celebrated as a part of the Chithirai festival of Meenakshi Temple.

Other places of tourist interest

Mariamman Theppakulam, Madurai

Mariamman Theppakulam, built in 1636 is a beautiful square tank located about 5 km East of Meenakshi Temple. Gandhi Museum housed in the 300 old Palace of Rani Mangammal contains a picture gallery of the Gandhian movement. Sri Aravindar Annai Trust and Meditation Centre is located 9 km south of Madurai. It is one of the oldest places of meditation in Madurai. Ramakrishna Mutt has a branch in Madurai where Yoga classes are conducted.


Places Nearby

Thiruparangundram: Just 8 km from Madurai Railway Junction, lies the rock cut temple, which is cut out of a solid rock. The temple is one of the six abodes of Lord Subramanian who is said to have married Indira's daughter on this hill.

Tiger in Megamalai

Megamalai: Megamalai is located 1500 m above sea level and is 130 km from Madurai. There are cardamom estates and tea plantations on the slopes of these hills. Wild animals like the sambhar, tiger, leopard, the gaur and the spotted deer can be found amidst thick vegetation. Transport is available from Madurai to Chinnamanur and from Chinnamanur to Megamalai.

Kodaikanal: The famous hill station - Kodaikanal - located at an altitude of over 2133 m in the Western Ghats is 120 km from Madurai. Read more on Kodaikanal

Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary: Home to elephants, bisons, sambhar, the barking deer and wild boar, the Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary is an interesting place to visit. Read more on Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary.

Vaigai Dam: This is an impressive dam on the Vaigai River, 69 km from Madurai on the way to the Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary near Andipatti and is an ideal picnic spot.


Stay Options

Madurai offers comfortable accommodation to tourists visiting the temple city. There are a number of hotels in Madurai. Stay options in Madurai include various luxury hotels, budget hotels and guest houses. Check hotels in Madurai.


How to reach

By Air: The temple town is just 11 km away from the Madurai Airport.

By Rail: Being an important temple town, Madurai is well connected by rail to all major centers of the country by express trains.

By Road: Good motorable roads connect Madurai with the major cities of South India. The capital Chennai is 447 km, Coimbatore 227 km, Kanyakumari 242 km, and Rameshwaram 167 km away.
Check Driving Directions from Chennai to Madurai


About Madurai: Madurai Information & Fact File
Altitude  8 meters
Temp
Summer 38 (Max) & 25 (Min) Degrees Celsius
Winter 29 (Max) & 19 (Min) Degrees Celsius
Best time to Go September – March
Monsoon September - November
Summer April – August
Winter December – January
Clothes Cottons all year round
Nearest Airport Madurai, 11 km from temple
Nearest Railway Station Madurai – Direct trains from Chennai
Bus Station Madurai – Direct buses from Chennai, Coimbatore, Kanyakumari
Hospital & Doctor

Madurai has govt. as well as private hospitals well equipped to handle emergencies

Places to see Meenakshi Temple, Thirumalai Nayakar Mahal, Alagarkoil, Mariamman Theppakulam …
   
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